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Artikler som begynner med T

Trygdedrøftingene 2016 Unios notatserie nr. 6/2016
Trygdedrøftingene 2016 Unios notatserie nr. 6/2016

19 mai 2016
  • Tidligere forhåpninger om at regjeringen Solberg ville hindre ytterligere nedgang i alderspensjonistenes realinntekt ble lagt død av regjeringen selv i god tid før trygdedrøftingene startet. Regjeringen har prioritert de store pengene på Frps hjertesak å øke grunnpensjonen til gifte og samboende pensjonister. Stortinget har fulgt opp med å øke minstepensjonene og på den måten signalisere at de ikke tror på sin egen pensjonsreform. Dermed er det ikke rom for å gi noe ekstra som også treffer de enslige alderspensjonistene.

The Value of Social Security: Are Formal Jobs Better?
The Value of Social Security: Are Formal Jobs Better?

04 mai 2016
  • As the population ages, low and unequal social security coverage are among the most pressing challenges in the Latin American region. On average, only 45% of workers contribute to social security, and this figure is much lower for low-income and low-skilled individuals. There are many hypotheses for this limited and uneven coverage.

The Willingness to Pay, Accept, and Retire
The Willingness to Pay, Accept, and Retire

27 april 2016
  • Today's pay-as-you-go social security systems are put under pressure by increasing life expectancy, the baby boomer generation entering retirement, and an early e ective retirement age. In developed countries, many employees retire before reaching the full retirement age. Conducting a large online experiment, we relate the retirement timing decision to the disparity between the willingness-to-accept (WTA) and the willingness-to-pay (WTP).

The development of the pension gap and German households’ saving behavior
The development of the pension gap and German households’ saving behavior

21 april 2016
  • In this study we investigate the future development of the so-called pension gap. First, we simulate the pension gap and the filling of this gap under different assumptions for the so-called “standard pensioner”. Second, we examine the savings behavior of German households and the individual possibilities to close the pension gap.

The Effect of Public Pension Wealth on Saving and Expenditure
The Effect of Public Pension Wealth on Saving and Expenditure

19 april 2016
  • In order to study whether public pension systems displace private saving, we use the quasi-experimental variation in pension wealth created by Poland's 1999 pension reform. Using the 1997–2003 Polish Household Budget Surveys, we begin by estimating "difference-in-differences" regressions, where we compare household saving and expenditure across time and between cohorts affected and unaffected by the reform.

The 2016 Retirement Confidence Survey: Worker Confidence Stable, Retiree Confidence Continues to Increase
The 2016 Retirement Confidence Survey: Worker Confidence Stable, Retiree Confidence Continues to Increase

15 april 2016
  • The 26th wave of the Retirement Confidence Survey (RCS), the longest-running survey of its kind in the nation, finds that American workers’ confidence in their ability to afford a comfortable retirement has maintained its increase after the record lows experienced between 2009 and 2013. However, retiree confidence in their ability to afford a comfortable retirement continued to increase in 2016.

The Taxation of Internationally Portable Pensions: Fiscal Issues and Policy Options
The Taxation of Internationally Portable Pensions: Fiscal Issues and Policy Options

08 april 2016
  • Pension policy reforms across the world in recent decades are a reaction to the changing demographic and socioeconomic environment. While pension scheme redesign has received much attention, the tax treatment of contributions, returns, and benefits of retirement savings remains mostly unattended and the taxation of internationally portable pensions is terra incognita for economists.

The National Retirement Risk Index
The National Retirement Risk Index

04 april 2016
  • The National Retirement Risk Index (NRRI) measures the percentage of working-age households that are at risk of being unable to maintain their pre-retirement standard of living in retirement. It addresses one of the most compelling challenges facing the nation today: ensuring retirement security for an aging population.

The Under-pensioned 2016
The Under-pensioned 2016

07 mars 2016
  • The Under-pensioned 2016 is a report that explores differences in pension income over the last two decades and how these differences may change in the future. Previous PPI research concluded that women, disabled people and people from ethnic minority groups are more likely to have the characteristics associated with lower pension incomes. The 2016 report revisits the earlier work and explores how state and private pension incomes have changed for people from these groups as well as for carers and the self-employed.

The Impact of Systematic Trend and Uncertainty on Mortality and Disability in a Multi-State Latent Factor Model for Transition Rates
The Impact of Systematic Trend and Uncertainty on Mortality and Disability in a Multi-State Latent Factor Model for Transition Rates

04 mars 2016
  • Multiple state functional disability models do not generally include systematic trend and uncertainty. We develop and estimate a multi-state latent factor intensity model with transition and recovery rates depending on a stochastic frailty factor to capture trend and uncertainty. We estimate the model parameters using U.S. Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data between 1998 and 2012 with Monte Carlo maximum likelihood estimation method.

The Effects of Changing the Age Pension Means Test: A Lifecycle Model Simulation
The Effects of Changing the Age Pension Means Test: A Lifecycle Model Simulation

23 februar 2016
  • This report summarises the results obtained by Kudrna (2015) for the effects of hypothetical changes in the existing taper rate of the Age Pension income test.

The Need for Flexible Take-Ups of Home Equity and Pension Wealth in Retirement
The Need for Flexible Take-Ups of Home Equity and Pension Wealth in Retirement

10 februar 2016
  • Two trends in retirement wealth components are being observed in the Netherlands, specifically in pension and housing wealth. Pension wealth will become more risky due to the gradual evolution of 2nd pillar pensions from defined benefit plans towards collective and individual defined contribution plans. These changes in plan type implies pension risks have to be borne increasingly by individual plans participants. Net home wealth at retirement on the other hand will become less risky as recently interest-only mortgages are forbidden.